Abstract: In recent years, artificial intelligence technologies represented by large language models have been widely applied, greatly improving production efficiency while also posing significant challenges to employment. The impact of artificial intelligence on employment depends not only on the degree of technological progress, breadth and depth of its applications, but also on the international competition in artificial intelligence. In terms of direct impact, while artificial intelligence replaces existing job positions, it also has a job creation effect. Therefore, countries with faster and more competitive development of artificial intelligence will create more related new job positions. Exporting artificial intelligence technologies and related products will also create more job positions. In terms of indirect impact, the factor substitution effect of artificial intelligence will change the resource endowments and comparative advantages of the countries, while the industrial restructuring effect will cause changes in product architecture and industrial chain structure, which is conducive to countries with high levels of artificial intelligence to maintain and enhance their industrial competitiveness, thereby bringing about a shift in industrial output and employment opportunities among countries. To address the impact of artificial intelligence on employment, it is recommended to strengthen innovation in artificial intelligence technologies, accelerate the development of the artificial intelligence industry, promote the deep application of artificial intelligence technologies, and strengthen the supply of artificial intelligence talents.