Abstract: With the acceleration of technological revolution, the deep integration of data and reality and the development of new quality productive forces have become the driving forces for China's economic structural transformation and upgrading. The deep integration of data and reality and the development of new qualitative productive forces have inherent consistency, which is manifested in a dialectical unity relationship of mutual promotion. The logical mechanism of the two-way interaction between the two lies in the fact that the deep integration of data and reality is the fundamental carrier for promoting the development of new qualitative productivity, and the development of new qualitative productivity is the core driving force for accelerating the deep integration of data and reality; The strategic value lies in responding to the urgent needs of transformation and development under the unprecedented great changes, the inevitable choice to promote the development of emerging industries under the policy of building a technological power, the necessary path to achieve new industrialization under the construction of a manufacturing power, and the objective requirements of promoting coordinated urban-rural development under the rural revitalization strategy. It is pointed out that there are practical difficulties such as lagging construction of new infrastructure systems, lack of core competitiveness in digital technology, uncoordinated development between urban and rural areas, and incomplete data and technology governance systems. The paper proposes practical paths such as building a modern infrastructure system, establishing a mechanism for coordinated urban-rural development, achieving high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement, and improving the data and technology governance system.