Abstract: This study has firstly innovatively constructed a multi-index measurement system of artificial intelligence technology innovation level and a comprehensive development index of artificial intelligence technology innovation from five dimensions: basic research, technological innovation, technological layout, industrial scale and technological progress based on the big data of artificial intelligence technology innovation; and then according to the comprehensive development index of technology innovation, the S evolution curve of artificial intelligence technology innovation cycle of each country has been fitted, and the more correct orientation of artificial intelligence technology innovation of both China and the United States has been acquired. Secondly, the innovation gap between China and the United States is compared objectively and dynamically through combining the dynamic weight distribution of five dimensions in different development stages of technology, and the main factors affecting the innovation of artificial intelligence new technology in China are discussed and summarized. The study finds that the new artificial intelligence technology of major developed countries such as the United States, Japan and so on has stepped into a mature stage at present and Chinese one is at the post period of growth stage. With the help of latecomer advantage, the comprehensive development index of Chinese artificial intelligence technology innovation has exceeded the United States year by year, and shows a very strong growth trend. In order to win the victory of artificial intelligence technology innovation competition, China should improve artificial intelligence technology innovation system and technology innovation resources allocation mechanism continuously, give full play to the initiative of all parties, enhance the ability of technology self-dependent innovation, and ensure her medium- and long-term leading position in artificial intelligence technology innovation competition.