Abstract: The policy goal orientation of market economy, in addition to the pursuit of growth and efficiency, is what most concerned policy objective is fairness. That is, avoiding excessive disparity and extreme differentiation of wealth and income distribution. The core of common prosperity should be common development instead of the orientation of equal wealth based on distribution means. Development is the absolute principle, and common development is the absolute principle of common prosperity. Market economy is a necessary but not sufficient condition for common prosperity. Common prosperity is essentially national competitiveness. Only countries with strong international competitiveness can achieve common prosperity. People's wealth implies the soul and strength of national competitiveness. The prosperity of a country is the backbone of common prosperity, and the common prosperity of the people is the root of its prosperity. The essence of common prosperity is the realization of all people's ability and choice. Common prosperity is the constructive development goal of modern market economy, based on and guided by certain economic ethics, and so called a socialist market economy. Common prosperity is first and foremost common creation. More creators can make common prosperity more possible. To realize common prosperity, unite all forces that can be united, mobilize all positive factors, and tap all potential wealth creation.