Abstract: The institutional advantages of the national strategy in poverty alleviation is the prerequisite for realizing the goal of poverty alleviation through relocation in inhospitable areas. The central task of poverty alleviation through the relocation from inhospitable areas is to move the whole village to achieve the villagers′ poverty alleviation and prosperity. The lack of social basis of living conditions is the thrust of village migration, and the social mobilization of local government is the pulling force of village migration. Effective social mobilization structure and embedded "mobilization tools" constitute the mobilization logic that motivates villagers′ collective action to move. The "demand-supply" relationship formed between villagers′ relocation willingness and local government′s social mobilization is the driving mechanism to promote village migration. The process of village migration is also the social learning process of villagers, the fundamental goal of village migration is to optimize the social basis of rural development and enhance the social vitality and endogenous power of rural development.