Abstract: In the central and western regions, the urbanization of education and the increasing imbalance of urban and rural education have emerged simultaneously, and the flow of educational resources is a key variable that links the two. Under the urban-rural integration enrollment policy, rural students have the opportunity to flow to the county; rural students first move passively to the county under the coercion of the "integrating educational resources to raise educational scale and quality by reducing poor schools" policy, and passive mobility has shaped farmers' pursuit of high-quality educational resources. The demand for education has changed the flow of students from passive to active. The flow of students causes the scarcity of educational resources in the county, which requires matching of hardware and teaching resources. For this reason, the county government has increased the investment in school hardware in the county and allocated teachers from the countryside. The flow of educational resources driven by the flow of students has the characteristic of one-way flow to the county, which results in the loss of rural education resources and the concentration of high-quality educational resources in the county, and the gap between urban and rural education is further widened. In order to achieve balanced development of urban and rural education, the protection of the source of students in rural schools should be strengthened.