Abstract: Under the background of rural revitalization, not only individual farmers need to increase their income, but also the collective economy needs to develop. The mainstream theory is to promote the endogenous development of the collective economy through the reform of the collective property right system. The "Tangyue experience" from Guizhou has become a sample of the rural reform in the central and western regions. The analysis based on the overall situation of collective economy shows that the practical significance of emphasizing the "Tangyue experience" of village management is very limited. Under the condition of full market competition, it is full of risks to encourage village collective to lead agricultural scale operation. A nationwide survey shows that the growth of rural collective economy in the central and western regions in recent years comes from the support of the higher government, which has nothing to do with the endogenous resources of villages, and has no direct relationship with the reform of rural collective property rights system. Starting from the problems caused by the government's support for the development of the collective economy, the policies for the development of the collective economy should be reflected on and the "operating" orientation of village level organizations should be got rid of.