Abstract: In order to clarify the internal logic of the construction of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics, the content analysis is used to the policy texts of the party and the government as the research material for the layered coding analysis. The research results show that the construction of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics follows the development logic of goal guidance—resource allocation—open environment—cooperation and coordination. In the top-level design and their independent exploration, new think tanks are driven for their developments; increasing resource inputs, competition to obtain the resources and standardizing the use of resources to support their development; governmental supports and emerging market environments cultivate their characteristics. Their innovation is under construction through cooperation and collaboration, multi-party interaction and multi-symbiosis. New think tanks with Chinese characteristics have formed a relatively sound operating system, showing an orderly and prosperous development trend. Adhering to the development of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics is an important guarantee for promoting China's high-quality development.