Abstract: The reconstruction of the urban input-output index system holds great significance for the evaluation of urban high-quality development. This paper, by expanding the theory of local government officials' political promotion championship based on GDP under the administrative outsourcing system, reveals the driving force mechanism of urban high-quality development, and then constructs a new urban input-output index system that reflects the characteristics of urban development and the requirements of high-quality development in China. This study found that: the central government establishes high-quality development goals which are outsourced to the local governments layer by layer. The formation of high-quality political promotion championships among municipal government officials is the fundamental driving force for urban high-quality development. In the urban input index system, the fiscal expenditure indicator is applied to reflect the influence of the government on the urban efficiency; in the urban output index system, three indicators are used as expected outputs including the improvement of people's livelihood, industrial structure and urban facilities; and four indicators applied as unexpected outputs including unemployment, urban-rural income gap, number of criminals and number of deaths from work safety accidents.