21世纪以来欧洲国家国土空间规划比较及启示——以英德法荷为例

Spatial Planning of European Countries Since the 21st Century and Some Comparisons: Take Britain, Germany, France and the Netherlands as Examples

摘要: 欧洲各国的国土空间规划起步较早，在100多年的发展历程中，各国的空间规划体系一直与时俱进。进入21世纪，为适应经济全球化的压力和国家内部环境变化，欧洲各国纷纷对其空间规划体系进行调整变革。梳理了欧洲空间规划的发展历史，以英国、德国、法国、荷兰为例，介绍了21世纪以来欧洲主要国家的空间规划改革及其总体框架，分析了欧洲空间规划体系的主要特点及构建经验，进而对其发展演进方向和对中国的借鉴意义进行了探讨。

Abstract: The spatial planning in Europe started earlier. During more than one hundred years of development, the spatial planning systems of European countries have been advancing all along. Entering into the 21st century, the European countries have made certain adjustments to their planning systems in order to respond to the changes of the domestic environment and the pressure from globalization. This article reviews the developing history of the European spatial planning, introduces the spatial planning reforms and systems in Britain, Germany, France and the Netherlands, summarizes their major characteristics and construction experience, and then discusses their evolution directions and the reference significances to China.