Abstract: This research focuses on those factors of the theoretical basis, measurement indicators, coupling empirical evidence, and ecological policies of the coordinated development of economy and ecological environmental protection. It finds some deficits, such as the vague definitions of high-quality economic development, no collaborative measurement index system of environmental governance and the harmonious development of human and nature in a multi-integrated system, lacking the empirical research on the coupling relationship between multi-scale and multi-module economic society and ecological environment, and insufficient researches on China's green ecological position research in global value chains. In order to speed up the construction of the modern environmental governance system and improve its governance capacity, efforts are made in scientifically defining the connotation of high-quality economic development, and building the theoretical basis and index evaluation system for the coordinated development of high-quality economic development and ecological environmental protection. The empirical model of the harmonious development of economic high-quality development and ecological environment protection is constructed, the mechanisms of inter-country and inter-provincial industrial development and environmental coupling development harmonious development system are revealed, from the perspective of multi-dimensional space and industrial green transformation. The economic high-quality development objectives and policy tools for ecological protection are analyzed and refined, and finally the basic measures for green development of both economy and ecology are put forward.