Abstract: With the rapid development of computer science and technology and big data, the shareholders' social capital has become the focus of research, but research results more focused on individual level, or different levels are put in one analytical framework, ignoring the differences of mechanism and intrinsic links between the different levels. Therefore, based on the socio-cultural characteristics formed by Chinese unique "relational governance" and the institutional background of the capital market, on the basis of the interdisciplinary, with reference to relevant theories and analytical methods of sociology, the theoretical analysis, hierarchical deconstruction, and existence testing of the shareholders' social capital from a cross-level perspective are conducted. The quantified and visualization of the shareholders' social capital laid a theoretical foundation to test the corporate governance effects through large sample, and promoted the development of social capital theory and its application in the shareholder level.