Abstract: In this article, we have made an explanation on that value and basic task of socialism, and holds that socialism not only takes the promotion of well-rounded development of the person as the highest goal, but also takes the pursuit of efficiency and equality as the specific value goal. The value goal and the nature of socialism require logically two tasks of historic importance of socialism. One is to release and develop further the productive forces which can meet the growing needs of our people. Another is to promote social equity and justice of the civil and international community. As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, Xi jinping gave new era connotation and asked new requirements to the goal value and historical task of scientific socialism, further developing the theory of scientific socialism.