Abstract: Currently, electrocatalytic materials play a pivotal role in the modern green energy conversion industry and exert significant influence across various fields such as chemistry, the environment, and biology. Achieving a comprehensive understanding of the complex kinetic mechanisms and reaction pathways of catalysts is crucial for the scalable design of high-performance catalytic materials. Synchrotron radiation technology, with its powerful penetration capabilities, high spatial and temporal resolution, and non-destructive nature, provides a potent tool for the study of electrocatalytic materials. This article summarized the development of synchrotron radiation technology and its application in the kinetic research of electrocatalytic materials. First, it introduced the current state of development of synchrotron radiation technology, encompassing advancements in light sources and innovations in characterization techniques. Second, it elaborated on the combined use of various synchrotron radiation techniques in the structural characterization of electrocatalysts and the monitoring of their actual service processes. By integrating synchrotron radiation technology with other complementary techniques, a deeper exploration of catalytic mechanisms can be achieved. Finally, the opportunities, challenges, and future development trends of synchrotron radiation characterization methods in the field of electrocatalytic material research were prospected.